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Featured Papers - August 2006

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PLANNING, SCHEDULING AND CONTROLLING THE EFFORTS OF KNOWLEDGE WORKERS

by Russ Archibald

This paper was first presented at the Seminar in Advanced Project Management Concepts, the event that birthed the Project Management Institute in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, in October 1969. Incredibly, it is as true today as it was then. pmforum.org proudly republishes this paper both in recognition of its historic value and as a tribute to its author, one of the founders of modern project management, Dr. Russell Archibald.

Managing projects is, without question, a difficult job. It is a rare organization these days that is satisfied with its performance on projects in meeting the schedule and budget, achieving the desired quality of the end result, and controlling the effort without too many buckets of blood sloshed around mahogany row.

Managing projects is considerably different from managing stable organizations. The traditional concepts we learn in the graduate business school don't apply very well when it comes to projects. In fact, severe conflicts usually exist between organization or functional or line management on one hand, and project management on the other. Project management requires special concepts, tools, procedures and systems, and we will be hearing about some of these later in this conference. We must be careful of overdeveloping these areas without commensurate development of a sound understanding of them, and of the needed skills to use them effectively.

Read the full text at Planning, Scheduling and Controlling the Efforts of Knowledge Workers

About the Author:

Russell D. Archibald , PMP, Fellow PMI and APM/IPMA, M.Sc. has held engineering and executive positions in the defense, aerospace, refinery construction and operations, automotive manufacturing and telecommunications industries. He has consulted in project management to companies and agencies in twelve countries on four continents, and has taught project management principles and practices to thousands of managers and specialists around the world.

Russell is one of five founding PMI Trustees, PMI member number 6; author of Managing High-Technology Programs and Projects, 3rd ed, Wiley 2003 (to be published in Russian, Italian and Chinese in 2004); co-author of Network-Based Management Systems (PERT/CPM), Wiley 1967. Contact: russell_archibald@yahoo.com or http://www.russarchibald.com

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ADAPT TO CHANGE. ADOPT PROFITABILITY

by Victor Siegle

Project-based organizations realize that customer-focused project management is far superior to product-centric project management. In other words, "the customer is always right". This famous adage that puts your customers' wants and needs first has always been a motto for project managers. However, never has this saying been more critical to the success of project-based organizations than in the current, unyielding pace of business.

Project managers are faced with an unenviable challenge. Everyday, they are tasked to ensure that all facets of a project are working harmoniously for the common good - delivering a quality end product for the client in a timely manner and within budget. This involves managing schedules, budgets, people, and deadlines.

Being the primary contact point for clients, project managers understand that customers will only remain loyal when they get their needs met, fast. This still holds true even if the client decides to change a detail in a project that is already in progress. Worse, the client is still right even when making a change toward the end of the project or when certain phases are nearing completion.

Read the full text at Adapt to Change. Adopt Profitability

About the Author:

Victor Siegle is President and CEO of Management Software, Inc., developer of JobOrder™ business process management software for project-based businesses on Windows and Macintosh. Management Software is based in Cortland, New York where it has provided vertical market applications and custom programming services since 1989. A Yale University graduate, Mr. Siegle is a subject matter expert regarding the use of technology for effective project management and optimal business productivity. He can be reached at Victor_Siegle@JobOrder.com.

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PROJECTS WITHOUT BORDERS: GATHERING REQUIREMENTS ON A MULTI-CULTURAL PROJECT

by Elizabeth Larson and Richard Larson

One of the most difficult tasks project managers and business analysts face is obtaining customer requirements. Even when business customers and the business analyst work in the same building, misunderstandings are bound to arise. It’s a challenge to ask the right questions, get the right people involved, and document unambiguous requirements, regardless of the backgrounds of those participating. When the project includes multi-cultural stakeholders, particularly if they comprise a virtual team working in geographically dispersed areas, the job becomes much harder.

Some of the challenges facing project managers and business analysts are not unique to multi-cultural projects. However, personal agendas, conflicts about roles and priorities, and availability worsen the situation. In addition, recent studies have shown that almost half of the typical project budget is spent reworking requirements defects. While there are many underlying reasons for this rework, dealing with a group of multi-cultural business customers and/or project team members can create significant hurdles.

Read the full text at Projects without Borders: Gathering Requirements on a Multi-Cultural Project

About the Authors:

Elizabeth LarsonRichard LarsonElizabeth Larson and Richard Larson, co-principals of Edina-based Watermark Learning, have over 25 years each of experience in business, project management, business analysis, and training/consulting. They have presented numerous workshops, seminars, and presentations to over 10,000 participants on project management, requirements analysis, and related subjects.

Contact Elizabeth Larson at elarson@watermarklearning.com
Contact Rich Larson at rlarson@watermarklearning.com

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MANAGING PROJECT RISK – THE EASY WAY

by Curt Finch, CEO, Journyx

Question: How can you spot profitability leaks and cost overruns in IT projects before your peers – and then fix them?

Answer: You can do it the hard way or the easy way. The path you choose depends to some degree on the consequences of failure and on your budget.

Standard risk assessment methodology requires you to first identify threats – human, operational, “reputational,” financial, technical, political, etc. Then you have to come up with an estimate of likelihood for all those different threats and invent early warning systems that will notify you to launch your backup plans for each one.

That sounds really hard.

Most of the projects I’ve been involved with would have been finished before we could have identified, estimated and planned for all of those risks. If your project is extremely large and complicated, that kind of planning probably makes sense. If, however, you’re hoping to get your next IT project delivered in the next six months or so, then there is an easier way.

Read the full text at Managing Project Risk – The Easy Way

About the Author:

Curt Finch is the CEO of Journyx, a provider of Web-based software located in Austin, Texas, that automates billing, payroll & project management by tracking time, expenses and mileage. Finch is a software industry veteran. In 1997, Curt created the world's first Internet-based timesheet application and the foundation for the current Journyx product offering. Curt has managed development teams creating enterprise-level software solutions since 1985, with a focus on distributed workforce management.

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MANAGE YOUR “PMP EXAM STUDY” PROJECT

by James Brown

One question I hear often in my work as a project management trainer and consultant is, “What is the best way for me to prepare for the Project Management Professional (PMP) Exam?” 

Two main points are key to successfully passing the PMP Exam.

  1. Establish an exam preparation strategy tailored for you. 
  2. Execute tactics to maximize your chances of passing the exam.

If you manage your PMP Exam studying as you would a project—analyze the situation and goals, establish a plan, execute that plan—you can succeed. Let’s walk through the processes of analysis and planning.

Read the full text at Manage Your “PMP Exam Study” Project

About the Author:

James T. Brown Ph.D., president of SEBA™ Solutions Inc., a Registered Education Provider for the Project Management Institute, has provided training and consulting services for dozens of companies nationally and internationally. A recognized authority in project management, he is a frequently invited speaker on project management areas of interest. He is a member of the Project Management Institute and the National Speakers Association. He is a licensed Professional Engineer (PE) and a certified Project Management Professional (PMP). To learn more about James visit www.sebasolutions.com. You can contact James directly at jtbrown@sebasolutions.com.

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Editorial Policy: The PMFORUM® has no connection to any national or international project management organization nor does it reflect the policy of any project management professional or commercial organization. The PMFORUM® maintains an objective and impartial view of project management affairs. In the interests of advancing professional project management the PMFORUM® will publish contending and objective views on issues that reflect collegial differences and perspectives